Géographie du Sri Lanka
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| Cet article fait partie de la série |
| Géographie du sous-continent |
| Géographies |
| Bangladesh - Bhoutan |
| Inde - Maldives |
| Népal - Pakistan |
| Sri Lanka |
| Voir aussi |
| Himalaya |
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| Projet, Monde indien |
Le Sri Lanka (anciennement appelée Ceylan) est une île de l'océan Indien, au sud-est de l'Inde.
Relief
Climat
Le climat est chaud et humide avec deux périodes de mousson, en mai et octobre.
Statistiques
Ces statistitiques proviennent de la CIA.
- Coordonnées géographiques : 7 00 N, 81 00 E
- Superficie :
- total : 65,610 km²
- terres : 64,740 km²
- zones inondées : 870 km²
- Frontières terrestres : 0 km
- Côtes : 1 340 km
- Maritime claims:
- contiguous zone: 24 nautical miles (44 km)
- continental shelf: 200 nautical miles (370 km) or to the edge of the continental margin
- exclusive economic zone: 200 nautical miles (370 km)
- territorial sea: 12 nautical miles (22 km)
- Climat: tropical monsoon; northeast monsoon (December to March); southwest monsoon (June to October)
- Terrain: mostly low, flat to rolling plain; mountains in south-central interior
- Elevation extremes:
- lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
- highest point: Pidurutalagala 2,524 m
- Natural resources: limestone, graphite, mineral sands, gems, phosphates, clay, hydropower
- Land use:
- arable land: 14%
- permanent crops: 15%
- permanent pastures: 7%
- forests and woodland: 32%
- other: 32% (1993 est.)
- Irrigated land: 5,500 km² (1993 est.)
- Natural hazards: occasional cyclones, tornadoes and tsunamis
- Environment - current issues: deforestation; soil erosion; wildlife populations threatened by poaching and urbanization; coastal degradation from mining activities and increased pollution; freshwater resources being polluted by industrial wastes and sewage runoff; waste disposal; air pollution in Colombo
- Environment - international agreements:
- party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation